Gamma Ray and Neutron Observations of X-class Flares During Cycles 22 and 23

Ronald Murphy

Code 7650, Naval Research Lab., Washington DC 20375

The Oriented Scintillation Spectrometer Experiment (OSSE) on board the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory has detected nineteen X-class flares since its launch in April of 1991. Seven of these flares (those that occurred on 4, 6, 9, 11 June 1991, 27 October 1991, 20 December 1991 and 27 November 1997) produced gamma-ray line emission detectable by OSSE. The four June flares also produced detectable emission above 16 MeV and the flares on 4 and 11 June and 27 October produced detectable high-energy neutrons. The 27 October flare was simultaneously observed with the gamma-ray spectrometer on Yohkoh. These seven flares occurred at various heliocentric angles on the Sun ranging from ~4 to ~65 degrees. Measurements of the flare emission components will be presented and compared. Implications on the accelerated-particle spectra, angular distributions and energetics and on the abundances of both the ambient material and the accelerated particles will be discussed.